The Milky Way galaxy contains 100-400 billion stars, as determined by astronomical surveys.

Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii releases sulfur gases affecting global climate, measured by NASA.

Quantum mechanics predicts that electrons exist in probabilistic clouds around an atomic nucleus.

Archaeological digs in Turkey revealed 9,000-year-old olive tree remains, indicating early agriculture.

Photosynthesis by plants produces about 100 billion tons of oxygen annually, measured by global studies.

The world’s oldest working lighthouse is in Spain—the Tower of Hercules. Built during the Roman Empire about 1,900 years ago, it still guides ships today. Its stone walls have withstood centuri...

Sea lions have developed the ability to dive to depths of 300 meters, confirmed by physiological tests.

Sea turtles accumulate magnetite in their brains, aiding navigation using Earth’s magnetic field.

The largest diamond ever, the Cullinan, was found in 1905 in South Africa. It weighed 3,106 carats and was the size of a fist! The diamond was cut into 9 pieces, two of which now adorn the British ...

The chemical reaction of methane (CH₄) combustion produces CO₂ and H₂O, widely used in energy production.

The chemical element uranium decays with a half-life of 4.5 billion years, used for rock dating.

Adélie penguins have adapted to Antarctica’s cold by regulating heat through a fat layer.

Ice flowers appear in northern Canada and vanish in a day! Scientists explain they form due to the crystallization of salty water on the ice surface.

The Mariana Trench reaches a depth of 10,984 meters, making it the deepest point in the world’s oceans.

The mysterious ‘singing’ of sands in the Gobi Desert sounds like a low hum. It’s caused by sand grains moving and creating resonance.

A rare mushroom in Oregon forests glows green in the dark, attracting insects. It’s called ‘foxfire’ due to its eerie light.

In 1888, the oldest photograph of a human was found in London. The image shows a busy street, but due to long exposure, only one person who stood still is visible. It’s like a window to the past!...

Geological layers in Australia contain traces of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana, formed 180 million years ago.

The largest cave in the world, Son Doong in Vietnam, is so massive it has its own jungle and river. It’s 200 meters tall, and you could fit an entire skyscraper inside! The cave was only discover...

The smallest country in the world, Vatican City, spans just 44 hectares. But it holds more art per square meter than anywhere else! For example, the Sistine Chapel, with its ceiling painted by Mich...